What NEET Asks
- Identify elements belonging to the p-block based on electronic configuration.
- Understand general trends in metallic/non-metallic character and oxidation states.
- Basic questions on general properties of groups 13-18.
- Typically 1-2 questions from p-block, often concept-based.
Key Points
- p-Block elements: Last electron enters a p-orbital of the outermost shell.
- General Electronic Configuration: .
- Comprises groups 13 (Boron family) to 18 (Noble gases).
- Exhibit a wide variation in properties: from non-metals to metalloids to metals.
- Metallic character increases down a group and non-metallic character increases across a period.
- Oxidation states vary, often showing group oxidation state and (group oxidation state - 2) due to inert pair effect in heavier elements.
Must-Know Formula / Reaction
General Outer Electronic Configuration of p-block:
- : Principal quantum number of the outermost shell.
- : s-orbital (filled with 2 electrons).
- : p-orbital (filling with 1 to 6 electrons).
Common Mistakes
- Students often confuse the block identification based on the last electron entering, especially for Helium.
- Don't forget the inert pair effect reduces stability of higher oxidation states for heavier elements.
- Misinterpreting trends in metallic/non-metallic character across and down groups.
Rapid Revision
p-block elements span groups 13-18 with configuration. They show diverse properties from non-metals to metals. Remember general trends and the inert pair effect influences oxidation states for heavier elements. Helium, though , is placed in p-block due to properties.